Concentration Cells in Liquid Ammonia

Solution Phenomena in Liquid Ammonia

An extended discussion of solution phenomena in anhydrous liquid ammonia is presented. The solvent properties of ammonia for various classes of compounds is discussed in terms of its hydrogen bonding ability, moderate dielectric constant, elatively high basicity, and high dipole moment. In general, ammonia is a better solvent than water for covalent molecules, but a poor solvent for ionic speci...

The Ammonolysis of Esters in Liquid Ammonia

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Liquid methanol concentration sensors for direct methanol fuel cells

Liquid-fed direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are one of the most promising candidates for portable power electronics and automotive pplications due to their potentially high-energy density, simple storage, and distribution of the fuel. The concentration of methanol in the fuel irculation loop of a DMFC system is an important operating parameter, because it determines the electrical performance...

Concentration of Liquid Foods

Concentration of Liquid Foods